Rational brain · Judgment & Decision Science

Second-Order Blindness

Judging an action by its immediate effect and missing the effects of the effects; complex systems punish this, and decision-makers in simulations reliably ignore delays and side effects.

An everyday example

Cutting support staff to save cost and losing the renewals that funded the company.

What it can cost you

First-order wins that are second-order losses; sellers who show step one.

Warning signs

  • I only thought one step ahead.
  • The immediate benefit is the whole case.

One thing to do

For any decision, write 'and then what?' three times before committing.

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